Disadvantaged former smokers are more likely to use e-cigarettes to quit: Study

The study, published in JAMA Network Open and funded by Cancer Research UK (CRUK), analysed data from 34,442 people aged 16 and over who had formerly smoked.

The research team set out to find whether socio-economic position was associated with long-term ex-smokers use of e-cigarettes and whether the use changed over time. Long-term ex-smokers were defined as those who had given up smoking for more than one year.

They found that e-cigarette use increased from 3.3% in 2014 to 10.4% in 2019 for all long-term ex-smokers, but was around 60% more likely among those from disadvantaged groups. In 2019, 13.5% of those in lower socio-economic groups reported using e-cigarettes compared to 8.2% in more affluent groups.

The research team also found that it was rare for people to take up e-cigarettes after they had quit smoking. For example, of those who had quit smoking before 2011, only 0.8% in 2014 and 2.1% in 2019 reported using e-cigarettes. In this subgroup, there was no evidence of a link between socio-economic status and e-cigarette use.

Lead author, PhD candidate, Loren Kock (UCL Epidemiology & Health Care) explained: “Our previous research has shown that the use of e-cigarettes during a quit attempt is similar across different socioeconomic groups. However, this new work highlights that there is a difference in use by long-term ex-smokers.

“Our results suggest that more affluent ex-smokers are using e-cigarettes during a smoking quit attempt before discontinuing their use. In contrast, a greater proportion of ex-smokers in lower socio-economic groups may continue to use e-cigarettes following their smoking quit attempt.

“Socio-economically disadvantaged smokers are thought to be more dependent on nicotine, due to generally taking up smoking at a younger age and smoking more cigarettes per dayand such dependence might encourage greater use of e-cigarettes following quitting for pleasure, to satisfy cravings and potentially prevent relapse to smoking.”

Co-author, Professor Jamie Brown (UCL Epidemiology & Health Care and Co-Director of the UCL Tobacco and Alcohol Research Group) added: “We know e-cigarettes help people to quit smoking and are much less harmful than cigarettes. However further research is needed to understand the consequences of longer-term use by former smokers, particularly whether e-cigarette smoking affects a later return to cigarette smoking."

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Image credit: Lindsay Fox/ https://ecigarettereviewed.com/blog/